Securing Europe’s energy and competitiveness

Where should European energy policy go now? Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 led to gas supply in Europe dropping significantly, shaking the EU out of its complacency regarding energy procurement and consumption habits. Lower consumption and increased imports of LNG helped to make up for the shortfall, while the EU scrambled to cushion the price shock on households and industry. In the end, thanks in part also to a mild winter, Europe managed to cope. Russian oil imports also dived in the wake of EU bans. But energy was not the EU’s only worrisome dependence. Metals, in particular […]