Europe’s changing relations with oil and gas producers

Russia’s weaponization of gas exports compelled Europe to hastily pivot to alternative gas and oil suppliers. This shift has effectively “fast forwarded” the impact of the Green Deal on Russia, while muddying the outlook for other energy suppliers such as Azerbaijan and Algeria. The dynamic realignment of energy alliances underscores the need for a nuanced understanding of how geopolitical dynamics will unfold in the wake of the European Green Deal.