According to the authors, extending the lifetime of the existing nuclear fleet will help achieve the EU 2030 targets. New nuclear projects – both large reactors and Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) – will contribute to the 2050 net-zero goals. Uncertainties with regards to oil and gas supplies to Europe might lead the European Union (EU) institutions and Member States to reconsider the share of nuclear power in the European energy mix, both under the medium (2030) and longer term (2050) scenarios.